What is the primary cause of mortality in newborn calves?

The primary cause of mortality in newborn calves is hypoglycemia, which refers to abnormally low blood sugar levels. Newborn calves are particularly vulnerable during their first few days of life because they rely heavily on colostrum, the first milk produced by their mothers, which is rich in nutrients and antibodies essential for their survival and immunity. If calves do not ingest enough colostrum shortly after birth, they may experience energy deficits leading to hypoglycemia. This condition can severely compromise their energy levels, making them unable to maintain body temperature, leading to increased risks of infections and other health complications.

Understanding the critical window in which newborn calves require immediate nourishment highlights the importance of proper management practices in livestock operations, such as ensuring that calves receive adequate colostrum within the first few hours of life. This proactive approach helps reduce mortality rates and supports healthier calf development.