Which term describes a female cow that has not yet given birth?

The term that describes a female cow that has not yet given birth is "heifer." Heifers are typically young females, usually under two years of age, that have not yet reached maturity where they can produce offspring. This distinction is important in the cattle industry, as heifers represent the next generation of breeding stock and play a significant role in herd management and growth.

In contrast, "Jersey" refers to a specific breed of dairy cattle known for its rich milk production, rather than a reproductive status. "Calf" is used to describe a young bovine, generally under one year old, regardless of its sex, and does not specify whether the animal has been born from a heifer or a cow. "Cow" denotes a mature female that has already given birth, which establishes a clear division from the young female heifer. This terminology is essential for understanding the lifecycle and management practices within the cattle industry.