Which term describes a female bovine that has not yet calved?

The term that describes a female bovine that has not yet calved is "heifer." A heifer is a young female that has not yet given birth to her first calf. This term is important in the context of cattle management and breeding, as it distinguishes younger females from cows, which are mature females that have already calved. Understanding this terminology is crucial for anyone involved in livestock management, as it helps in making informed decisions related to breeding, care, and overall herd management.

In contrast, a cow refers specifically to a female that has already calved, a calf denotes a young bovine of either sex, and a bull is a mature male. Knowing these distinctions can greatly influence breeding programs and animal husbandry practices.